overvoltage spark gaps ogp-series, pgp-series, pb-series p erkinelmer s overvoltage spark gaps are a family of rugged ceramic-metal hermetically sealed switches for voltages ranging from 500 volts to 100 kv. these switches have peak current capabilities of up to 50 ka. they are ideal for protecting equipment from damaging high volt- age surges when they are used in "crowbar" applications. they are also suitable for capacitor switching appli- cations. the ogp-series offer the broadest operating range, while the pgp and pb series offer fast switching for high dv/dt applications. the pb series is intended for direct mounting on printed circuit boards. features high surge current capability fast switching operation high voltage holdoff ceramic-metal construction no warm up period long life everything in a new light.
page 2 perkinelmer optoelectronics ogp series table 1 shows ratings for perkinelmer s ogp ceramic-metal overvoltage spark gaps when they are used in crowbar service. note that for each "family" type, a range is shown for static breakdown voltage (sbv); for any given gap, there can be only a single value for sbv. for rating purposes, crowbar service is defined as being single-shot or very low repetition rate operation such that gap heating is nil. for applica- tions where the various discharge parameters simultaneously approach the values shown, gap life will be on the order of 1000-5000 operations. longer life can be obtained when operating at reduced power levels; alternatively, operation at higher levels is possible, but life will be reduced. for applications involving repetitive operation such that gap heating is significant, the ratings of table 2 apply. for discharge conditions simul- taneously approaching the maxi- mums shown, gap life is typically one million to five million operations. again, a trade off exists between dis- charge severity and service life. pgp and pb series table 3 shows ratings for perkinelmer s pgp and pb series pulse overvoltage spark gaps. these have been specifically designed to protect critical components against damage caused by fast high voltage transients. the dynamic breakdown voltage (the voltage at which the gap breaks down under transient conditions) is a function of the rate of rise of the applied voltage (dv/dt). in general, it will be higher for higher dv/dt. the breakdown time of these gaps is much faster than that of conventional overvoltage types, and their dynamic breakdown voltage is relatively close to their static breakdown voltage over a wide range of operating conditions. pgp series: in single-shot protection service, these gaps can divert a tran- sient energy as high as 10 joules and conduct a total charge as high as 300 millicoulombs. dynamic break- down voltage is typically less than twice their static breakdown voltage for applied voltage transients as fast as 300 kilovolts per microsecond. pb series peak currents up to 1500 amperes with current rise times on the order of 1-5 nanoseconds are possible. the small size of these devices makes them well suited for use on circuit boards and in other applications where space is restricted. for best results the gap should be tightly cou- pled across the component to be protected. on nanosecond time scales, the inductive drop across even a few inches of excess wiring can easily exceed the rated turn-on voltage of the gap. typical rating for inter-electrode capacitance is 3 pf, dynamic voltage drop is 50 volts, and open circuit resistance at 500 volts is 1000 megohms.
perkinelmer optoelectronics page 3 1. the general family type is listed. mechanical variations with differing connec- tions are shown in the accompanying drawings. these are designated by the addition of another digit or a letter to the basic family number. for example, the ogp-44 family includes the 44g, 441, 442, 443, 444, 445, 446, 44l and 44r. 2. each overvoltage gap is manufactured with a specific static (or dc) breakdown voltage (sbv). this voltage can be set anywhere within the available min-max range. the sbv is specified by the addition of a dash number to the mechani- cal type number, giving the sbv in kilovolts. 3. these units must be operated in a dielectric medium to prevent external coro- na or breakdown: ogp-76, above 50kv; ogp-1501, above 35kv; ogp-44, above 15kv; ogp-67 and ogp-73, above 40kv; ogp-49, above 15kv; ogp-83 and ogp-35, above 20kv. some of the more important derating factors that determine the safe operating voltage in air are the cleanliness of the tube s ceramic insulators, the rate of rise of anode voltage, the dwell time at the operating peak anode voltage, the pulse repetition rate, and ambient pressure, temperature, humidity and contaminant level. 4. the ratings shown apply for single-shot service. under these maximum duty conditions, gap life is typically 1000-5000 operations. 5. for conditions approaching these maximum ratings, life is typically one million to five million operations. longer life can be obtained when operating at reduced levels; alternatively, operation at higher levels is possible, but life will be reduced. 6. i b is the average current through the gap. it is equal to the conducted charge per pulse x pulse repetition rate (prr). 7. i p is the rms current through the gap. for rectangular current pulses, i p = i b x peak current. notes table 1. crowbar service family type (1) ogp-57 ogp-62 ogp-64 ogp-44 ogp-49 ogp-75 ogp-35 ogp-83 ogp-67, 73 ogp-76 ogp-1501 available static breakdown voltage range (kv) min-max (2) 1-9 1-9 1-9 9-25 (3) 2-25 (3) 10-30 8-42 (3) 8-42 (3) 30-65 (3) 30-120 (3) 30-120 (3) peak current (ka) 5 5 5 5 7.5 20 50 25 20 50 50 total conducted charge per pulse (millicoulombs) 200 200 200 200 400 500 1000 800 500 1000 1000 maximum discharge conditions (4) table 2. repetitive switching service family type (1) ogp-57 ogp-62 ogp-64 ogp-44 ogp-49 ogp-75 ogp-35 ogp-83 ogp-67, 73 ogp-76 ogp-1501 available static breakdown voltage range (kv) min-max (2) 1-9 1-9 1-9 9-25 (3) 2-25 (3) 10-30 8-42 (3) 8-42 (3) 30-65 (3) 30-120 (3) 30-120 (3) conducted charge per pulse (millicoulombs) 4 4 4 4 8 20 20 8 20 20 20 avg. current i b (ma, dc)(6) 40 40 40 40 60 150 200 100 150 200 200 rms (current i p (a, ac)(7) 6 6 6 6 8 10 15 10 10 15 15 maximum discharge conditions (5) ogp-series spark gap ratings
page 4 perkinelmer optoelectronics environmental specifications ambient temperature range operating temperature range -54 to +100? nonoperating temperature range -65 to +125? vibration 15 to 500 hz at 10 g maximum shock 50 g, 11 milliseconds thermal shock -65 to +125? electrical specifications electrode capacity less than 5 pf. interelectrode resistance greater than 10 10 ohms at 500 v. mechanical specifications envelope ceramic-metal, hermetically sealed, exposed metal parts nickel plated. torque applied to studs 6 inch-pounds maximum. when ordering all overvoltage gaps self breakdown voltage (sbv) must be specified. example: ogp-44g type gap with a 15kv dc sbv must be specified as ogp-44g-15. table 3. pgp series pgp-571, 574, 575 pb series pb-23, 23a, 23c, 23d available static breakdown voltage range (kv) min-max (1) 0.5-6 0.5-5 typical maximum operating standoff voltage (2) 80% of sbv 80% of sbv dynamic breakdown voltage, dbv (typical) 120-200% of sbv (3) 120-200% of sbv (3) peak current (ka) 10 1.5 conducted charge per pulse (milicoulombs, maximum) (5) 300 50 pgp and pb spark gap ratings 1. the dc voltage at which the gap switches from the open to the con- ducting state. (for any given gap, sbv has a single fixed value). 2. the sbv of an individual gap may be +/- 10% of its nominal value. therefore, the recommended maximum operating (standoff) voltage is 80% of sbv. 3. the range shown is typical for dv/dt between 75 and 300 kv/us. 4. the maximum dynamic breakdown voltage is 1000 volts for gaps having sbv between 500 and 750 volts. for higher sbv, dbv is approximately 1.3 times sbv. 5. typical life at rated conducted charged is 500-1000 operations. life increases substantially at lower operating levels. notes
perkinelmer optoelectronics page 5 0.520 0.030 dia typ 1/8 dia exhaust tubulation, no connection 1.935 1.655 1.635 1.495 0.219 0.125 ogp-44l 1.960 1.750 1.700 1.550 0.520 0.030 dia typ 1/8 dia exhaust tubulation, no connection 0.219 0.125 no. 20 white teflon insulated (2 leads) 6.0 1.0 long ogp-44r 0.280 0.020 dia a 0.520 0.030 dia typ 0.750 0.570 solderless lug for no. 16-22 wire threaded hole 8-32 unc-2b dp. c b ogp-44g, 0gp-57 and ogp-64 b a (typ) 1.075 1.015 dia typ 0.360 0.020 dia typ ogp-67, ogp-73 and ogp-75 type ogp-44g ogp-57 ogp-64 a usable thread 0.187 min 0.187 min 0.187 min b 0.080 1.940 1.195 1.940 c 0.100 2.190 1.445 2.190 type ogp-67 ogp-73 ogp-75 a 0.020 0.410 0.650 0.350 b 0.125 4.040 4.520 3.920 0.360 0.020 dia 0.410 0.020 b a threaded hole 8-32 unc-2b 0.25 dp. min. 0.520 0.030 dia typ ogp-442, ogp-443 and ogp-642 0.360 0.020 dia 0.410 0.020 b a 0.520 0.030 dia typ 8-32 unc-2a ogp-444, ogp-445 and ogp-446 type ogp-442 ogp-642 ogp-443 a usable thread 0.187 min 0.187 min 0.250 min b 0.125 2.315 2.315 2.100 type ogp-444 ogp-445 ogp-446 a usable thread 0.035 0.190 0.515 0.965 b 0.125 2.290 2.615 3.065 0.360 0.020 dia typ 3.140 2.890 0.725 0.020 0.725 0.020 0.520 0.030 dia typ ogp-441 and ogp-641 mechanical specifications note: dimensions in inches all data and specifications subject to change without notice.
page 6 perkinelmer optoelectronics 0.880 0.860 dia typ 1/16 dia exhaust tubulation no connections 0.550 0.510 0.860 0.730 0.330 0.310 0.140 0.060 1.350 1.270 dia ogp-62 threaded hole 8-32 unc-2b 0.300 min. usable thread 1.075 1.015 dia typ 8-32 unc-2a 0.300 min. usable thread 4.200 3.820 3.350 3.150 ogp-751 clearance for a no. 8 screw 6 holes each end on a 3.937 b.c. 60 typ exhaust tubulation no connection 4.275 4.225 dia typ 3.050 2.950 dia a type a 0.125 ogp-35 2.250 0gp-1501 3.500 ogp-35 and ogp-1501 exhaust tubulation, no connection 1.586 1.526 dia typ dia 1.020 0.980 90 typ clearance for a no. 4 screw 4 holes each end on a 1.321 0.010 b.c. 1.185 0.965 ogp-49 mechanical specifications exhaust tubulation, no connection 60 typ 4.275 4.225 dia typ 3.900 3.700 dia 3.625 3.375 clearance for a no. 8 screw 6 holes each end on a 3.937 b.c. 0.500 typ ref ogp-76 exhaust tubulation no connection 90 typ 3.030 2.970 dia typ 2.030 1.970 dia clearance for a no. 8 screw 4 holes each end on a 2.575 b.c. 2.250 1.050 ogp-83 note: dimensions in inches all data and specifications subject to change without notice.
perkinelmer optoelectronics page 7 1/16 dia exhaust tubulation no connection 0.430 0.385 0.620 0.490 0.230 0.215 dia typ pb-23 1/16 dia exhaust tubulation no connection no. 20 awg 19/32 stranded type e white teflon insulated wire typ 0.620 0.490 0.430 0.385 0.230 0.215 dia typ 6.0 4.0 typ pb-23b same as pb-23a except for no. 20 awg tinned copper bus wire pb-23a solder lug 0.475 0.355 1/16 dia hole 0.145 0.105 0.230 0.215 dia typ 1/16 dia exhaust tubulation no connection 0.485 0.415 0.650 0.500 0.280 0.220 4-40 stud sst pb-23c 0.145 0.105 0.230 0.215 dia typ 1/16 dia exhaust tubulation no connection 0.485 0.415 0.650 0.500 solder lug (2 places) 1/16 dia hole typ 0.475 0.355 typ pb-23d mechanical specifications note: dimensions in inches all data and specifications subject to change without notice. anode terminal will accept one no. 16 awg wire anode ceramic body 0.750 0.570 0.300 0.260 dia 1.500 1.320 1.230 1.090 cathode 0.550 0.490 dia typ 8-32 unc-2b 0.187 min usable thread pgp-571 terminal will accept one no. 16 awg wire typ anode and cathode anode ceramic body cathode 1.000 0.840 1.275 1.075 0.750 0.570 typ 0.550 0.490 dia typ 0.300 0.260 dia pgp-575 anode stud 8-32 unc-21 0.300 min usable thread ceramic body 0.395 0.355 2.030 1.750 1.500 1.440 cathode 0.550 0.490 dia typ 8-32 unc-2b 0.187 min usable thread PGP-574
overvoltage and spark gaps ogp-series, pgp-series, pb-series * all values are nominal; specifications subject to change without notice. to request additional information, receive a quote, or place an order, please contact perkinelmer optoelectronics at office lis ted below. perkinelmer optoelectronics 35 congress street salem, ma 01970 toll free: (800) 950-3441 (usa) phone: (978) 745-3200 fax: (978) 745-0894 copyright ?perkinelmer all rights reserved printed in u.s.a. 10/00 perkinelmer is a registered trademark of perkinelmer, inc. www.perkinelmer.com/opto our quality and environmental policy ?ur goal is to supply our customers the agreed quantity of specified products and services, defect free and on time while conducting business in an environmentally responsible manner marking perkinelmer s trademark, part designation, and date code. perkinelmer welcomes inquiries about special types. we would be pleased to discuss the requirements of your application and the feasibility of designing a type specifically suited to your needs.
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